There is evidence to support the theory that genetic factors account for considerable variability in susceptibility to NAFLD. However, the data have not been well-documented. In this study, we explored the significance of the SNP at nine positions in seven candidate genes reported frequently in the literature on metabolic syndrome and NAFLD. Our results suggested that the majority of these SNP were closely associated with susceptibility to NAFLD. Some variations were

positively associated (increased Autophagy inhibitor concentration risk), such as TNF-α -238, adiponectin -45, leptin -2548, PPAR -161, PEMT -175. Some were negatively associated (decreased risk), such as adiponectin -276 and hepatic lipase -514. A few were not relevant, such as TNF-α -380 and PGC-1α -482. These results were strengthened using multivariate logistic regression analyses. Our study also showed that gene variations may affect the pathogenesis of NAFLD via blood cytokines (such as leptin, adiponectin, etc.) and insulin resistance pathways.18,19 To our knowledge, this is the first

systematic study to investigate genetic impacts on susceptibility to NAFLD. Our results regarding the TNF-α gene-308 G/A (not relevant) and the adiponectin gene -45 T/G (increased risk) were consistent with the findings in most literature on NAFLD.20–25 To our knowledge, the impacts of the PPAR, PGC and hepatic lipase genes on NAFLD susceptibility were

first studied by our group.18,19 There are insufficient published data for review of the other genes, such as leptin and PEMT. Interestingly, Fluorouracil cell line our findings that Ribociclib mw the adiponectin gene -276 G/T variant decreased the risk of NAFLD supported a previous report that some genetic variations such as the adiponectin gene promoter variant -11391 G/A could confer protection from metabolic syndrome.22 As there are inter-ethnic variations in genetic polymorphisms that may influence development of NAFLD, it is not surprising that the incidence of NAFLD was found to be different among regions. Comparing the SNP in the seven candidate genes of Chinese people in this study with those of other ethnic groups, we found that the majority of genetic variations of Chinese people were similar to those of Asia–Pacific people, but different to those of Caucasians. Taking TNF-α as an example, the rate of gene variant -380 G/A was 3.3% in healthy Chinese people in this study and 1.2–7.0% in people of Asia–Pacific regions, compared with 12.8–23.7% in Western people. The genotype of A/A did not exist in Asia–Pacific people, but it was found in 1.2–7.9% of Western people. The rates of -238 G/A were not as different between Asia–Pacific people (1.6–7.9%) and Western people (5.8–12.4%). Again, the AA genotype did not exist in Asia–Pacific people, in comparison to the 0.2–11.7% prevalence in Western people.

cDNA was amplified using TaqMan Fast Universal PCR Master Mix (Applied Biosystems) Hydroxychloroquine manufacturer with validated gene-specific assays (Applied Biosystems) for CCL11 (eotaxin-1), CCL24 (eotaxin-2), and β-actin on an Applied Biosystems 7500 Fast Real-Time PCR System. RNA expression was reported relative to messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of β-actin for each sample. Serum protein levels of CCL11 and CCL24 were quantified using CCL11 and CCL24 DuoSet ELISA kits (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN) following the manufacturer’s protocols. Eosinophils were depleted by pretreating female Balb/cJ mice with 25 μg of sodium azide-free and low endotoxin-tested Siglec-F mAb (E50-240, BD Pharmingen) or isotype

control (Rat IgG2a,κ, R35-95, BD Pharmingen) intraperitoneally in 100 μL of sterile PBS, 24 hours prior to halothane treatment. Since the depleting antibody (anti-Siglec-F) was the same clone as the antibody used to detect eosinophils (PE-anti-Siglec-F), it was anticipated that the mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) of PE on Siglec-F+ cells from the livers of anti-Siglec-F-pretreated mice would decrease in part without the cells being depleted due to competitive binding. To ensure the magnitude of anti-Siglec-F depletion

was CHIR-99021 price not overestimated by flow cytometry, all CD11c− CD11b+ Gr-1low Siglec-F+ and CD11c− CD11b+ Gr-1high Siglec-Flow/neg cells were back-gated to forward- and sidescatter area plots to demonstrate similar granularity and size as the eosinophils and neutrophils isolated from isotype-treated

mice. Similarly, neutrophils were depleted by pretreating female Balb/cJ mice with 10, 20, 25, or 50 μg of sodium azide-free and low endotoxin-tested Gr-1 antibody (RB6-8C5, Bio X Cell, West Lebanon, NH) or rat IgG2b Morin Hydrate isotype control (LTF-2, Bio X Cell) intraperitoneally in 100 μL of sterile PBS, 24 hours prior to halothane treatment. Hepatic eosinophils and neutrophils were quantified by flow cytometry as outlined above. Liver homogenates were prepared and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) immunoblot analysis was performed as described,21 except that TFA31 and β-tubulin (Clone AA2, EMD Millipore, Billerica, MA) antibodies were used at 1/2,000 and 1/5,000 dilutions, respectively. Detection of mouse MBP in fixed tissue sections was performed using the established method with rat antimouse MBP (MT-14.7, provided by Drs. Nancy and James Lee at Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ) or Rat IgG1,κ isotype control (ab18407, Abcam, Cambridge, MA),32 with some modifications (see Supporting Material for details). All data presented are reported as mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM). Statistical significance between two groups was determined by two-tailed Student’s t test, while statistical differences between multiple groups were determined by one-way analysis of variance with Newman-Keuls post-test analysis. Differences were considered significant when P < 0.05.

5-fold. The cytokine blood levels in liver failure patient demonstrated increased levels of IL-8 (419pg/ml), Interleukin-6 (1483pg/ml) and Interleukin-10 (37pg/ml), cytokines that have been previously reported to increase in Acetaminophen overdose patients. IL-8 Selleckchem Metabolism inhibitor is implicated in liver regeneration and protects from apoptosis in hepatocytes. In conclusion, using alginate to encapsulate cells leading to 3D cell spheroids in a biomass suitable for a bioartificial liver device, we demonstrated acceptable bio-compatibility with respect to blood cell exposure. The small increase in IL8 expression may be beneficial in promoting liver regeneration in patients being treated with

a bioartificial liver device. Alginate is utilised for both scaffolds used in extracorporeal

cell therapies, as well as, in direct cell transplantation therapies. This bio-inert material should therefore meet criteria for clinical use. Disclosures: The following people have nothing to disclose: Jordi G. Molina, Graham Wright, Sam Coward, Hardeep Kalsi, Eloy Erro, Barry Fuller, Clare Selden Previously, we have demonstrated the safety and effectiveness of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) transplantation to treat fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) in pigs via proliferation and transdifferentiation within two weeks. Here we further indicated that the first one week, even the first three days after hBMSCs transplantation, is a key time for FHF treatment, Selleckchem Etoposide which were improved by the change of cytokine profiling in FHF pigs and the recovery of liver functions. Immunohistochemistry staining of hBMSCs-specific marker CD90 and human hepatocyte specific antigen in pig liver tissues

indicated that hepatocyte differentiation of hBMSCs started within three days and completed within one week, and human cells proliferated about 33.33∼94.33 times via analysis of mRNA sequencing (mRNA-seq). Functional classification of the significantly differentially expressed cytokines at different stage showed that 80% of the cytokines Staurosporine supplier detected at day 3 were related with inflammatory immunity (40%) and tissue regeneration (40%), such as CCL-28 and Oncostatin-M. Then the ratio of inflammatory immunity cytokines increased at week 1 (69%) and decreased at week 2 (50%), while tissue regeneration related cytokines increased from 16% at week 1 to 37% at week 2. Bioinformatics analysis showed that 63 human genes increased from week 1 to week 2 in liver tissues were mainly related with pro-regeneration. And 232 pig genes increased at week 1 in liver tissue were mainly related with basic survival functions and inflammatory immune responses, rather than development, while 160 genes increased from week 1 to week 2 were mainly related with neurological disease and regeneration, accompanied by inflammation and immunity.

1) for AFP-L3 ≥35% and 3.5 (1.9-6.7) for DCP ≥7.5 ng/mL; p=0.004, 0.003, 0.002, 0.0003 and <0.0001, respectively. The HR (95%CI) increased to 5.2 (2.3-12.0) for patients with both AFP ≥250 ng/mL and DCP ≥7.5 ng/mL, p<0.0001. Among patients with tumors within the Milan criteria, the HRs (95%CI) were 3.1 (1.3-7.5) for AFP ≥250 ng/mL, 4.3 (1.8-10.1) for DCP ≥7.5 ng/mL, and

4.5 (1.9-10.6) for AFP-L3 ≥35%; p=0.01, 0.0008, 0.0005, respectively. The HR (95%CI) for tumors outside the Milan criteria increased from 2.6 (1.4-4.7) to 8.6 (3.0-24.6), and 7.2 (2.8-18.1) when combined with AFP ≥250 ng/mL, and DCP ≥7.5 ng/mL respectively (p<0.0001 for both). The concordance index (95%CI) of selleck compound the Milan criteria increased from 0.63 (0.56-0.70) to 0.68 (0.60-0.76), 0.70 (0.62-0.78) and 0.70 (0.62-0.78) when combined with AFP, DCP and AFP-L3%, respectively,

suggesting that combining the biomarkers with the Milan criteria was more predictive of recurrence than the Milan criteria alone. Conclusions: HCC biomarkers significantly improved the performance of the Milan criteria in predicting HCC recurrence after LT. Our findings could potentially improve the organ allocation algorithm for LT. Disclosures: Shinji Satomura – Board Membership: Wako Life Sciences, Inc Lewis R. Roberts – Grant/Research Support: Bristol Myers Squibb, ARIAD Pharmaceuticals, BTG, Wako Diagnostics, Inova Diagnostics, Gilead Sciences The PI3K inhibitor following people have nothing to disclose: Roongruedee Chaiteerakij, Xiaodan Zhang, Benyam D. Addissie, Essa A. Mohamed, William S. Harmsen, J Paul Theobald, Brian

E. Peters, Joseph Balsanek, Melissa M. Ward, Nasra H. Giama, Catherine D. Moser, Abdul M. Oseini, Naoki Umeda, Denise M. Harnois, Michael Charlton, Hiroyuki Yamada, Alicia Avelestat (AZD9668) Algeciras-Schimnich, Melissa R. Snyder, Terry M. Therneau Injury of donor bile ducts may lead to the development of non-anastomotic biliary strictures (NAS) after liver transplantation. Peribiliary glands (PBG) provide a niche of progenitor cells that contribute to regeneration of biliary epithelium of large bile ducts. It is unknown whether PBG injury plays a role in the development of NAS after transplantation. Aim of this study was a) to determine the degree of PBG injury in donor livers, b) to assess whether PBG injury is a risk factor for the development of (NAS), and c) to identify risk factors for PBG injury in donor livers. In 128 liver transplant procedures, biopsies were taken from the extrahepatic bile duct (EHBD) and injury was assessed using a systematic histological grading system. Histological injury was correlated with the occurrence of NAS. Donor characteristics and surgical variables were correlated with PBG injury, using uni- and multivariable regression analysis. . In another10 donor livers that were declined for transplantation, proximal extension of bile duct injury was assessed by obtaining biopsies from the EHBD and the intrahepatic sectoral and segmental ducts.

92,95,163–167 Six of the seven studies were conducted in Western populations and they demonstrated a benefit over placebo for symptom improvement in FD patients,92,163–167 though PPIs may not be effective in dysmotility-like dyspepsia.168 In fact, the combined effect of all seven trials (2387 PPI patients, 1338 placebo patients) was expressed in a recent meta-analysis,169 which reported that there was a modest but statistically significant difference in symptom relief in patients receiving PPIs (40.3%) compared with those given placebo (32.7%), and the estimated number needed to selleck chemical treat was 14.6 patients (95% CI, 8.7 to 57.1).

It must be noted that the only trial that showed negative results among the seven trials in the abovementioned meta-analysis was from Hong Kong. In addition, a recent randomized trial from Hong Kong that investigated the efficacy of a PPI on H. pylori-negative uninvestigated dyspeptic patients (epigastric pain and discomfort) also failed to show an efficacy of PPI over placebo.96 An open-labelled study from Singapore, also reported only a modest response to PPI.170 Characteristic differences between Asian and Western patients with FD may explain the lower benefit of PPIs in Asian patients. These data suggest that the efficacy of PPIs in patients with FD needs to be re-evaluated in the Asian population. Statement 25. High-dose

proton pump inhibitor therapy is not superior to standard doses for symptom control in functional Transmembrane Transporters modulator dyspepsia. Grade of evidence: moderate. Racecadotril Strength of recommendation: probably not do it. Level of agreement: a: 65.0%; b: 25.0%; c: 10.0%; d: 0%; e: 0%; f: 0%. Several studies have examined the role of standard and

higher doses of PPI in the treatment of FD.95,164–166,168 Whether the patients responded to PPIs or not, these studies, which involved a large number of patients, consistently found no difference in symptom response between standard and higher PPI doses. A recent meta-analysis also concluded that the dose of PPI did not influence the response of FD symptoms to treatment.169 It is therefore proposed that a standard dose of PPI is sufficient in the management of FD, and that dose escalation is unlikely to further reduce symptoms. Another concern regarding the use of higher doses of PPI in patients with FD relates to incurring unwanted problems caused by acid inhibition. Recent studies of healthy, asymptomatic volunteers who received PPI treatment for either 4 or 8 weeks demonstrated rebound acid hypersecretion following withdrawal of the PPI, resulting in the development of dyspeptic symptoms after PPI treatment.171,172 Yet another concern regarding PPI administration relates to the development of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) in patients receiving long-term therapy.173 Although long-term PPI therapy has not been advocated in FD, the risk of SIBO may be greater in patients on higher PPI doses than in patients on standard PPI doses.

5-mg dose; day 8, period 2) are presented in Fig. 2. Tacrolimus concentrations were considerably higher when coadministered with telaprevir than for tacrolimus administered alone. The mean (SD) PK and statistical parameters for tacrolimus administered either alone (2-mg dose; day 1, period 1) or with telaprevir Opaganib supplier (0.5-mg dose; day 8, period 2) are summarized in Table 2. In Part B, a comparison of PK parameters when tacrolimus was administered alone versus coadministered with telaprevir indicated that median tmax of tacrolimus increased from 2.25 hours on day 1, period 1 to 3.03 hours on day 8, period 2; mean Vz/F decreased from 1,910 L on day 1, period 1 to 106 L on day 8, period 2; mean CL/F decreased from 32.0

L/h on day 1, period 1 to 0.48 L/h on day 8, period 2; and mean t½ increased from 40.7 hours on day 1, period 1 to 196 hours on day 8, period 2. The DN_Cmax GLS mean ratio (90% CI) for tacrolimus coadministered with telaprevir was 9.35 (6.73, 13.0) on day 8, period 2 compared to tacrolimus administered alone (day 1, period 1). Similarly, the DN_AUC0-∞ GLS mean ratio (90% CI) for tacrolimus

coadministered with telaprevir was 70.3 (52.9, 93.4) on day 8, period 2 compared to tacrolimus administered alone (day 1, period 1), indicating a significant effect of telaprevir on the PK of tacrolimus. Mean (SD) PK parameters for telaprevir when coadministered with either cyclosporine or tacrolimus are shown in Table 3. Steady-state concentrations of telaprevir on day 8, period 2 were similar

when telaprevir was coadministered Gamma-secretase inhibitor with either cyclosporine or tacrolimus. Steady-state exposure of telaprevir reported in this study was comparable with historical data.22 In Part A, adverse events of mild vessel puncture site pain (n = 1), mild pharyngitis (n = 1), mild accidental needle stick (n = 1), and moderate neutropenia (n = 1) occurred when cyclosporine was administered alone. Moderate neutropenia led to premature discontinuation of the volunteer from the study. Adverse events of mild dyspepsia (n = 1); mild rash (n = 2); mild herpes simplex eltoprazine (n = 1); mild contusion (n = 1); mild blood creatine phosphokinase increase (n = 1); mild somnolence (n = 1); and mild vaginal discharge (n = 1) occurred when cyclosporine was coadministered with telaprevir. Dyspepsia and rash were considered by the study investigator to be possibly related to the study drugs. In Part B, an adverse event of mild constipation (n = 1) occurred when tacrolimus was administered alone. Adverse events of mild pruritus (n = 1) and mild excoriation (n = 1) occurred when tacrolimus was coadministered with telaprevir. No serious, life-threatening, or severe adverse events occurred in any group. There were no notable clinically significant trends for any of the chemistry parameters, hematology parameters, vital signs, 12-lead electrocardiograms, or physical examination findings.

Lee – Consulting: Bristol Myers Squibb, Gilead, Roche, Janssen, Vertex, Genentech, Merck, Abbvie; Grant/Research Support:

BMS, Gilead, Roche, Janssen, Merck, Vertex, Abbvie; Speaking and Teaching: BMS, Gilead, Roche, Merck, Vertex Sandra S. Lovell – Employment: AbbVie Guy Neff – Employment: AbbVie Paul Y. Kwo – Advisory Committees or Review Panels: Abbott, Novartis, Merck, Gilead, BMS, Janssen; Consulting: Vertex; Grant/Research Support: Roche, Vertex, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, BMS, Abbott, Idenix, Vital Therapeutics, Gilead, Vertex, Merck, Idenix; Speaking and Teaching: Merck, Merck The following people have nothing to disclose: David J. Mutimer, Leticia Canizaro, Roger Trinh Background & Aim The availability of interferon-free regimens has ushered in a new era in BIBW2992 cell line the treatment of chronic hepatitis C. However, real-life data in cirrhotic patients, especially in patients with clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH), are limited. We aimed to investigate the impact of Palbociclib portal pressure measured by hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) on early viral kinetics

and on-treatment virologic response in patients treated with interferon-free regimens outside of clini cal trials. Patients & Methods Eighteen patients with chronic hepatitis C, cirrhosis and available information on HVPG treated with either sofosbuvir/daclatasvir (hepatitis C virus (HCV)-genotype (GT)1), simeprevir/daclatasvir (HCV-GT1 or 4), or sofosbuvir/ribavirin (HCV-GT3) were included in this retrospective study. HCV-RNA was assessed at baseline (BL), treatment day 2 (D2), week 1 (W1), week 2 (W2), week 3 (W3) and week 4 (W4) using the Abbott RealTime HCV quantitative assay. Rapid virologic response (RVR) was defined as target not detectable HCV-RNA at W4. HVPG >10mmHg Casein kinase 1 was considered as CSPH. Results Nine patients (50%) were infected with HCV-GT1 (subtype 1a:4[22%], 1a:5[28%]), 8 patients (44%) with HCV-GT3 and one patient (6%) with HCV-GT4. The majority of patients were Child-Pugh stage A (11/18[61%]), while stage B was observed in

7 patients (39%). No patients had stage C cirrhosis. Fourteen patients (78%) had CSPH, with a median HVPG of 12.5mmHg. HCV-RNA log-drop was not statistically significantly correlated with HVPG at any time point: D2:r=−0.099,P=0.715; W1:r=−0.297,P=0.247; W2:r = −0.042,P = 0.8 83; W3:r = −0.019,P = 0.95; W4:r=0.014,P=0.959. Moreover, the proportion of patients with HCV-RNA below the lower limit of quantification was comparable between patients with (high) and without (low) a HVPG above the median: W1: low:0/8(0%), high:1/9(11%); W2: low:2/8(25%), high:1/7 (14%); W3: low:1/7(14%), high:1/6(17%); W4: low:5/9 (56%), high:4/6(67%). RVR was observed in 2 out of 15 patients (13%), who both had a HVPG below the median.

As a medical student, she had learn more researched briefly on carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity in mice, but it was a 1970 epidemic of hepatitis B that persuaded her to specialize in liver disease. With her characteristic outgoing approach that was a hallmark of her engaging personality, she telephoned the formidable and legendary Gerald Klatskin to apply for a liver fellowship with him at Yale University School of Medicine. In lieu of a written application, an hour’s interview in person with G.K. was all that was required to secure the fellowship position she sought. The fellowship (1973-1975)

led to junior faculty appointments at Yale in Medicine (1975-1980) and Pediatrics (1977-1980), followed by a promotion to Associate Professor in both departments (1980-1988). She was recruited to Tennessee as Professor of Medicine and Pediatrics

(1988), until early retirement was forced on her by ill health (2006). Dr. Charles Mansbach, II, then Chief of the Division of Gastroenterology, to whom I had recommended her, confided that recruiting Caroline “…was the most important hire…” he ever did. Caroline Riely initiated and established a thriving liver program in Memphis. Dr. Riely’s check details professional accomplishments were prodigious, in all facets of academia. She moved quickly from a laboratory-based career to a vocation in consummate empathetic patient care and clinical scholarship. Limited space allows mention of only a few highlights of her achievements. Her strong advocacy of women and family health and welfare was reflected in her studies of liver disease in pregnancy and pediatrics, and in promotion of the gender-specific impacts of decompensated liver

disease, and of sexuality and its emotional importance for both genders after liver transplantation. An adult hepatologist by training, she was an autodidact in liver disease in children, and earned the respect of a growing cadre of pediatric hepatologists. Her seminal and landmark observations in Alagille syndrome were rewarded by spending a 6-month sabbatical with famed pediatric hepatologist, Daniel Alagille (1925-2005) himself, in 1984, as a visiting scholar in the Departement de Pédiatrie, L’ Hopital de Bicêtre, in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. Naturally, she learned French Farnesyltransferase for the venture. Caroline Riely had a scholarly interest in all things hepatological, including genetic metabolic disorders, viral hepatitis (especially hepatitis C and its treatment), occupational liver disease, fatty liver disease, and liver transplantation, before these studies were fashionable. She participated fully in the governance and public face of Hepatology, she held office in many local and national committees, and participated regularly in grant review. Accordingly, she acquired recognition, and many honors and awards.

After specifying important co-stimulatory interactions required for the re-stimulation of FVIII-specific memory B cells, we were interested to study the potential impact of different concentrations of FVIII on this process. We tested a range of concentrations between 1 pg mL−1 and 100 μg mL−1 of FVIII (Fig. 3a) [18]. Re-stimulation of memory B cells could be detected at concentrations of FVIII that were as small as 100 pg mL−1 (Fig. 3a)

[18]. Optimal re-stimulation was achieved at concentrations of 3–10 ng mL−1, which correspond to about 3–10% of the physiological plasma concentration (Fig. 3a) [18]. When we further increased the concentration of FVIII, inhibition of memory B-cell re-stimulation was observed. The Selleckchem BGB324 inhibition started at a concentration of FVIII of 100–300 ng mL−1 with an almost complete inhibition at 1 μg mL−1 FVIII (Fig. 3a) [18]. The dose-response relation for T-cell re-stimulation was very different from the dose-response relation for memory B-cell re-stimulation. Optimal stimulation of FVIII-specific

T cells was observed at concentrations of 10–30 μg mL−1 FVIII (Fig. 3b,c). Inhibition of T-cell stimulation was seen at concentrations of 100 μg mL−1 FVIII. Based on these results, we conclude that the concentration of FVIII required for inhibition of memory B-cell www.selleckchem.com/products/poziotinib-hm781-36b.html re-stimulation and the concentration required for inhibition of T-cell re-stimulation are very different (Fig. 3a–c), which makes it unlikely that the inhibition of memory B-cell re-stimulation is caused by an inhibition of T-cell stimulation. The major T-cell cytokines found in culture supernatants after stimulation of spleen cells with FVIII were IL-10 and IFN-γ (Fig. 3c), which is consistent with findings we reported previously [13,21]. To further support these results,

we analysed the frequency of FVIII-specific T cells by intracellular cytokine staining 3 days after re-stimulation of Branched chain aminotransferase spleen cells. We compared concentrations of 10 ng mL−1, which re-stimulate, and 20 μg mL−1 FVIII which inhibit memory B-cell differentiation and observed a correlation between the frequency of FVIII-specific T cells producing IL-2, IL-10 or IFN-γ and the concentration of FVIII used for the re-stimulation (data not shown). We did not observe any inhibitory effects of 20 μg mL−1 of FVIII on T-cell stimulation despite the fact that this concentration of FVIII completely blocks the re-stimulation of FVIII-specific memory B cells [18]. Infections, particularly infections from the central venous catheter inserted in patients with haemophilia A and FVIII inhibitors during ITI therapy, commonly cause a rise in anti-FVIII antibody titres [22].

Adverse event (AE) and clinical laboratory assessment occurred at study visits during treatment and follow-up for all patients who received Alectinib clinical trial at least one dose of study drug. Results: In PEARL II, PEARL III, and PEARL IV, respectively, 186, 419, and 305 patients were randomized and received at least one dose of study drug. Collectively, 401 patients received 3D+RBV and 509 received 3D. Treatment-emergent AEs and laboratory values of note are in the Table. In both the 3D+RBV and 3D groups, the majority of AEs were mild. AEs occurring in >20% of

patients in both the 3D+RBV and 3D groups were fatigue (29.9% and 26.5%) and headache (24.4% and 25.3%). RBV dose modifications were made following an AE in 8.5% of patients Fulvestrant receiving 3D+RBV, all of whom achieved SVR12. The rate of discontinuation due to AEs was 0.5% or less among patients treated with 3D+RBV or 3D. Conclusions: In the PEARL II, PEARL III, and PEARL IV trials, 3D was well tolerated either with or without RBV. Comparable low rates of discontinuation were observed in patients receiving 3D and 3D+RBV. Clinically significant hemoglobin reductions

and bilirubin elevations were infrequent and not treatment-limiting. *This patient received 3D with placebo. ULN=upper limit of normal Disclosures: Yan Luo – Employment: AbbVie; Stock Shareholder: AbbVie Richard J. Aspinall – Advisory Committees or Review Panels: Janssen Cilag, Norgine UK, Falk Pharma UK Giovanni B. Gaeta – Speaking and Teaching: BMS, Gilead, Roche, MSD, Jans-sen, Merck, Boheringer Ing Selim Gurel – Speaking Inositol monophosphatase 1 and Teaching: Glead, BMS, Roche, MSD, Glead, BMS, Roche,

MSD, Janssen Yiran Hu – Employment: AbbVie Inc. Jeffrey Enejosa – Employment: AbbVie; Stock Shareholder: AbbVie Daniel E. Cohen – Employment: AbbVie; Stock Shareholder: AbbVie Nancy Shulman – Employment: Abbvie Velimir A. Luketic – Grant/Research Support: Intercept, Merck, Idenix, Vertex, Gilead, BMS, Novartis, abbvie, Genfit, Takeda The following people have nothing to disclose: Jacob P. Lalezari, Ronald Pruitt, Iwona Olszok, William King Purpose: Patients with cirrhosis are at risk for declines in hepatic synthetic function over time. Antiviral therapy may lead to fibrosis regression and hepatic synthetic function improvement if a sustained virologic response (SVR) is attained. ABT-450 is an HCV NS3/4A protease inhibitor (dosed with ritonavir, ABT-450/r) identified by AbbVie and Enanta. Ombitasvir (ABT-333) is an NS5A inhibitor; dasabuvir (ABT-267) is an NS5B RNA polymerase inhibitor. The phase 3 TURQUOISE-II trial examined efficacy and safety of all-oral regimens of co-formulated ABT-450/r/ombitasvir+dasabuvir with ribavirin (3D+RBV) in treatment-naïve and treatment-experienced patients with HCV genotype 1 infection and compensated (Child-Pugh A) cirrhosis.