These children may be transferred to centers of specialist pediatric cardiac anesthesia to be benefited from experience obtained there.”
“This systematic narrative review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) identifies and evaluates the efficacy of behaviour-change techniques explicitly aimed at walking in individuals with

intermittent claudication. An electronic database search was conducted up to December 2012. RCTs were included comparing interventions incorporating behaviour-change techniques with usual care, walking advice or exercise therapy for increasing walking in people with intermittent claudication. Studies were evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool. The primary outcome variable was maximal walking ability at least 3 months after the

start of an intervention. Secondary outcome variables included pain-free walking ability, self-report walking ability and daily walking check details activity. A total of 3,575 records were retrieved. Of these, six RCTs met the inclusion criteria. As a result of substantial heterogeneity between studies, no meta-analysis was conducted. Overall, 11 behaviour-change techniques were identified; barrier identification with problem solving, self-monitoring Copanlisib clinical trial and feedback on performance were most frequently reported. There was limited high-quality evidence and findings were inconclusive regarding the utility of behaviour-change techniques for improving walking in people with intermittent claudication. Rigorous, fully powered trials AZD9291 are required that control for exercise dosage and supervision in order to isolate the effect of behaviour-change techniques alongside exercise therapy. (C) 2013 European Society for Vascular Surgery. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Background: Ore workers are conventionally monitored for

exposure by measuring the uranium in their urine, but specific biomarkers of kidney damage still remain to be discovered. A recent toxicogenomics study allowed us to focus on osteopontin (OSTP) normally excreted in human urine and linked to mineral metabolism.

Objectives: We examined the association between osteopontin and uranium exposure both in vitro, in a human kidney cell model, and in the urine of exposed individuals.

Methods: OSTP was measured in supernatants of uranium-exposed HK2 cells to establish a dose-response curve and a time course experiment. Its role was studied through a gene extinction experiment. Uranium and OSTP were then monitored in the urine of exposed nuclear fuel industry workers and a chronically exposed population. These levels were compared with those found in a non-exposed population.

Results: The study of HK2 cells indicated that OSTP secretion decreased after uranium exposure in a concentration and time dependent manner, but its suppression does not affect cell sensitivity to uranium.