The effect of strain 10C2 is probably mediated by nodules since no result was observed in the non-inoculated control or when the rhizobial strain failed to induce nodules. It would be interesting to investigate the implications on find more nodule functioning, mainly the impact on nitrogenase activity, antioxidant enzymes and nodule senescence.”
“Purpose of review
The endogenous cannabinoids (endocannabinoids) are long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids synthesized on demand in situ by catabolism of phospholipid precursors in the cell membrane. Here we discuss the emerging role of the endocannabinoids in the function of the pancreatic islet of Langerhans in particular on the secretion of insulin from the islet beta cell.
Recent
findings
It is now established that there is a functional endocannabinoid system in the pancreatic islet of Langerhans and that endocannabinoids are released concurrently with glucose-induced insulin secretion. The majority of the published papers show evidence KU-57788 molecular weight of negative effects of the endocannabinoids on insulin secretion with antagonism of the cannabinoid 1 receptor improving beta cell function. This indicates that there is a tonic inhibition of insulin secretion by endocannabinoids. Here we examine these reports and recent
papers showing that endocannabinoids increase insulin secretion and discuss the discrepancies in these observations.
Summary
Conclusions on the exact nature of the effects of endocannabinoids on insulin secretion require rigorous study examining both acute and long-term effects at physiologically relevant doses employing both whole animal and clinically SB203580 research buy relevant models such as human islets in vitro and explanted in vivo, in rodent models of diabetes.”
“AimsTo investigate the prevalence of cannabis use and problem
use in boys and girls at age 16 years, and to investigate the role of adversity in early life and of conduct disorder between the ages of 4 and 13 years as risk factors for these outcomes.
DesignBirth cohort study.
SettingEngland.
ParticipantsA total of 4159 (2393 girls) participants in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) birth cohort providing information on cannabis use at age 16.
MeasurementsCannabis use and problem cannabis use at age 16 were assessed by postal questionnaire. Material adversity, maternal substance use, maternal mental health and child conduct disorder were all assessed by maternal report.
FindingsCannabis use was more common among girls than boys (21.4% versus 18.3%, P=0.005). Problem cannabis use was more common in boys than girls (3.6% versus 2.8%, P=0.007). Early-onset persistent conduct problems were associated strongly with problem cannabis use [odds ratio (OR)=6.46, 95% confidence interval (CI)=4.06-10.28]. Residence in subsidized housing (OR=3.10, 95% CI=1.95, 4.92); maternal cannabis use (OR 8.84, 95% CI 5.64-13.9) and any maternal smoking in the postnatal period (OR=2.69, 95% CI=1.90-3.