Subjects completed a medical history and physical activity questionnaire to determine eligibility. No subject was a smoker or had diagnosed metabolic or cardiovascular disease. Subjects were considered to be well-trained and performed resistance exercise for 4.6 ± 2.2 hrs per week for 8.4 ± 6.6 yrs. Descriptive characteristics are provided in Table 1. Subjects were instructed not to deviate from their current training regimen during the course of the study with the exception of refraining from exercise for the 48 hours prior to each testing day. All experimental procedures were performed in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration.

The University of Memphis Human Subjects Committee approved all experimental procedures. All subjects provided both verbal and written consent prior to participating in this study. Table 1 Descriptive characteristics of AZD3965 order 10 exercise Protein Tyrosine Kinase inhibitor trained men. Variable Value Age (yrs) 27 ± 4 Height (cm) 175 ± 7 Weight (kg) 77 ± 11 Body mass index (kg·m-2) 25 ± 3 Body fat (%)* 9 ± 3 Years Resistance Exercise 8 ± 7 Hours/wk Resistance Exercise 5 ± 2 Data

are mean ± SD. * Determined from 7-site skinfold analysis use Lange calipers and Siri equation Conditions and Testing The dietary supplement used in this investigation (Meltdown®, Vital Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Davie, FL) included yohimbine, caffeine, and synephrine as the primary active ingredients. Please see Figure 1 for a description of the dietary supplement. All capsules used in this investigation were from the same bottle and produced in accordance with Good Manufacturing Practices (GMPs). Prior to production, all raw materials were tested for ingredient potency and the finished product was verified for label claims. Subjects consumed three capsules of the dietary supplement or an identical looking placebo (corn starch, microcrystalline

cellulose, super refined sesame oil, propylene glycol fatty acid ester, safflower oil, sunflower oil) in a double blind, cross-over design. No food was allowed until testing was completed, although water was allowed ad libitum and matched for both days of testing (mean intake = 500 mL). Subjects reported to the laboratory in a fasted state (> 8 hours), without caffeine consumption during the past 8 hours. All testing was done between 0600–1000 hours. Following a 10 minute quiet rest period, a baseline PtdIns(3,4)P2 blood sample was obtained (0 min). Subjects then ingested either the supplement or placebo, in the presence of an investigator. Subjects remained inactive during the entire 90 minute test period. At 30 minutes post ingestion, a second blood sample was taken (30 min). A measurement of resting metabolic rate, using indirect calorimetry, was then started and continued for 30 minutes. Subjects were positioned in a seated posture and gas analysis was performed with breath-by-breath collection using a SensorMedics Vmax 229 metabolic system (Yorba Linda, CA) and facemask.