Consequently, it is now important to develop alternative treatmen

Consequently, it is now important to develop alternative treatments for this pathogen. The present research BAY 11-7082 price reports on the development of a system for the disinfection of water contaminated with A. hydrophila ATCC 35654 as a model for solar photocatalysis in aquaculture systems. The result presented here show for the first time that solar photocatalysis can provide an effective

means of inactivation of A.hydrophila, which provides proof-of-concept for the application of solar photocatalysis in aquaculture systems. Methods Reactor A pilot-scale thin-film fixed-bed reactor (TFFBR) system has been developed, based on two previous researches [28, 29]. The overall experiment was set-up as a single-pass process and the reactor consisted of a water reservoir (representing an aquaculture pond in the model system),

an air-controlled pump, a solar collector click here (glass plate) with immobilised photocatalyst, P25 TiO2 DEGUSSA and this website a collector vessel for the treated water (Figure 1). As in previous studies of chemical degradation [28, 29] and recent studies of microbial inactivation [7, 21], the reactor angle was maintained at 20° throughout, and the light intensity was measured from the same angle as that of the reactor. The illuminated surface area was 1.17 m in depth and 0.40 m in width; the irradiated volume was 200 mL in 2.5 min (irradiance time) and the density of the TiO2 photocatalyst 20.50 g m-2 and the photocatalyst layer was not covered during the experiments. Figure 1 (a) schematic diagram 2-hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA lyase and (b) photograph of the thin-film fixed-bed reactor (TFFBR) used in this study. The TiO2 P25 Degussa photocatalyst was coated

on four pieces of 3.3 mm thick Borofloat 33 glass plates (Schott, Australia). Plates were degreased using a reagent grade Piranha solution (3:1 sulphuric acid and 30% hydrogen peroxide). Then a slurry of TiO2 was prepared with methanol and the glass was coated by spraying. Then it was baked at 450°C for 2 h to anneal the TiO2 to the glass. Bacterial culture Aeromonas hydrophila ATCC 35654 was purchased from Oxoid, Australia. This was maintained by repeated sub-culture on trypticase soy agar (TSA) (Oxoid, Australia) at 25°C. The stock cultures were stored at-70°C in sterile saline containing 20% (v/v) glycerol. For experimental use, cultures were prepared by loop inoculation of bacteria into 100 mL of trypticase soy broth (TSB) (Oxoid, Australia) on a shaking water bath for 24 h at 25°C. To obtain a working cell suspension, the overnight culture was centrifuged at 13000 g for 1 min. The supernatant was discarded and the cell pellet was rinsed twice with water prepared by reverse osmosis, to remove all traces of the growth medium. Then 6 mL of this cell suspension was added to the 6 L of sterile natural spring water (Satur8 Pty. Ltd, Australia) to give an initial bacterial count of 105 CFU/ml added to the reservoir of the reactor.

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