Additionally, liver TAG, cholesterol ester and DAG content were significantly decreased in CD36L mice, particularly in lipid species comprising of monounsaturated FAs. CD36L mice on normal diet showed no significant difference in liver lipids compared to controls. However, in CD36L mice on both diets, serum insulin levels were lower and whole body insulin sensitivity was enhanced compared to controls suggesting that there might be metabolic benefits to CD36 ablation independent of liver lipid content. These data suggests that CD36 is important for regulating hepatic lipid content under conditions of elevated circulating FAs. Furthermore the metabolic benefits derived from inhibiting hepatic

CD36 function suggest that Cilomilast research buy it could be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of hepatic steatosis and the associated inflammation and insulin resistance. Disclosures: Derek Erion – Employment: Pfizer Ethan J. Weiss – Grant/Research

Support: Pfizer The following people have nothing to disclose: Camella Wilson, Jennifer L. Tran, Maria Febbraio Background: Mallory-Denk bodies which represent hepatic inclusions are GW-572016 datasheet observed in diverse chronic liver diseases such as alcoholic and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and hepatocellular neoplasms; therefore, it is suggested that dysfunction of autophagy is involved in the progression of these liver diseases. Previously, we reported that hepatic steatosis disturbs autophagic proteolysis via suppression of both autophagic induction and lysosomal function. It was shown that lysosomal acidification modulated by the proton-pumping vacuolar ATPase is required for autophagosomal degradative capacity. We investigated the relationship between acidification of autolysosome and vATPase expression in hepatic these steatosis. Methods: Hepatocytes were isolated from male C57BL/C mice (control) and KKAy mice (obese model). Isolated hepatocytes were transfected with GFP-LC3 plasmid and loaded with 10 LysoTracker Red (LTR) for visualization of acidic autolysosomes. LTR-loaded autolysosomes were counted by using laser scanning confocal microscopy. Expression of Lysosomal-associated membrane protein (LAMP)-2

was detected by Western blot analysis. Expression of vacuolar ATPase subunits ATP6v1a, ATP6v1b, ATP6v1d in isolated lysosomes was evaluated by Western blot analysis. Realtime PCR was performed to evaluate mRNA expression of these vacuolar ATPase subunits. Results: More than 80% of autophagosomes were stained by LysoTracker Red (LTR) in hepatocytes from control mice; however, rate of LTR-stained autolysosomes was suppressed in hepatocytes from KKAy mice significantly (45.5 ± 5.82 %). Incubation with rapa-mycin increased in the rate of LTR-positive autolysosomes to 82.2 ± 3.09 % in hepatocytes from KKAy mice. Expression of LAMP-2 was higher in hepatocytes from KKAy mice than control. Treatment with rapamycin enhanced LAMP-2 expression in hepatocytes from both control and KKAy mice.